Respiratory, cardiology and critical care · FICTIONAL CASE

Pulmonary embolism with shock: move beyond diagnosis

Recognise high-risk physiology, avoid letting routine diagnostic pathways delay resuscitation and coordinate anticoagulation and reperfusion decisions.

Haemodynamic risk and reperfusion escalation16 minutes0/3 decisions explored
PAUSE BEFORE USING

This is educational content, not a clinical protocol. Verify current guidance, use local pathways and seek appropriate senior or specialist help.

THE CASE

A fictional 59-year-old with sudden dyspnoea and syncope is hypotensive and hypoxic after recent surgery. Bedside assessment raises strong suspicion of pulmonary embolism.

01 · INITIAL PRESENTATION

Listen for the assumption.

SHO

I calculated a Wells score and was waiting for a routine CTPA slot.

Registrar

What changes when suspected PE is accompanied by shock?

SHO

The immediate problem is haemodynamic instability. Resuscitation, urgent expert imaging strategy and reperfusion discussion must occur now.

WHERE IS THE CONSULTANT?

Choose an answer below and reveal the reasoning to see consultant feedback at every checkpoint. The full consultant-led synthesis follows after all three decisions.

Go to the first decision ↓
EVOLVING INFORMATION

The picture develops.

  1. Persistent systolic hypotension
  2. Bedside findings suggest acute right-heart strain
  3. Recent surgery creates both VTE risk and bleeding complexity
02 · DECISION CHECKPOINTS

Commit before you reveal.

After you select an option, reveal the model reasoning and the consultant’s feedback.

DECISION 1What is the most important next escalation?
DECISION 2How should bleeding risk be handled?
DECISION 3Which handover is safest?
03 · CONSULTANT-LED SYNTHESIS

Hear the senior team refine the plan.

The registrar tests the plan, the consultant synthesises the key principle, and the SHO confirms the safer next steps.

Registrar

I will coordinate oxygenation, circulation, imaging feasibility and anticoagulation while checking alternative causes of obstructive shock.

Consultant

Good. Activate local high-risk PE support and document why systemic, catheter-directed or surgical options are being considered or rejected.

SHO

I will record the shock trajectory, bleeding context, treatment times and named decision maker.

CLINORA DECISION TRACE
01 · CUESuspected PE with persistent hypotension and right-heart strain
02 · INTERPRETHigh-risk PE causing obstructive shock
03 · ACTResuscitate and obtain immediate expert anticoagulation/reperfusion decision
SAFETY CHECK

What must remain explicit.

  • Use the current local high-risk PE pathway.
  • Escalate immediately to senior, critical-care and relevant reperfusion expertise.
  • Document recent surgery, bleeding risk and the rationale for treatment decisions.
COMMON ERRORS

Where reasoning fails.

  • Following a stable-patient algorithm despite shock
  • Waiting for D-dimer
  • Treating recent surgery as an automatic end to the discussion
STRUCTURED HANDOVER
Suspected high-risk PE with haemodynamics [trend], oxygenation [trend], supporting imaging [details], anticoagulation/reperfusion [status], bleeding risks [details] and immediate decision required [question].
REFLECTIVE PAUSE

Which roles need to be on the same call when PE, shock and major bleeding risk coexist?