Gastroenterology and colorectal surgery · FREE GUIDE

Acute severe ulcerative colitis

Recognise severe colitis, assess systemic toxicity and ensure early gastroenterology and colorectal-surgery involvement.

PAUSE BEFORE USING

This is an educational summary, not a point-of-care protocol. Follow current local emergency and medicines guidance and seek senior/specialist support.

FICTIONAL SCENARIO

A fictional 29-year-old with ulcerative colitis presents with frequent bloody diarrhoea, abdominal pain, fever, tachycardia and anaemia.

01 · RECOGNISE

Frame the danger first.

  • Frequent bloody diarrhoea with systemic toxicity may indicate acute severe ulcerative colitis.
  • Assess hydration, abdominal signs, thrombotic risk, infection and complications alongside disease activity.
  • A benign abdominal examination can change quickly; repeated review matters.
02 · FIRST PRIORITIES

Act, escalate, reassess.

  1. Admit, use ABCDE assessment and involve gastroenterology early through the local severe-colitis pathway.
  2. Obtain appropriate bloods, stool infection testing and imaging when clinically indicated without delaying escalation.
  3. Monitor stool frequency, vital signs, abdominal examination, fluid balance and inflammatory/biochemical trends.
  4. Discuss colorectal surgery early if deterioration, complication or failure to respond is possible.
03 · ESCALATE NOW IF

Red flags that change pace.

  • Peritonism, distension, severe tenderness, shock or rising lactate
  • Fever, tachycardia, anaemia or worsening inflammatory/biochemical markers
  • Concern about toxic megacolon, perforation or refractory disease
04 · COMMON ERRORS

What makes care less safe.

  • Managing severe bloody diarrhoea as routine outpatient flare
  • Delaying surgical discussion until perforation or shock
  • Using fixed rescue-therapy rules outside current gastroenterology guidance
05 · STRUCTURED HANDOVER

Say the concern plainly.

Acute severe colitis: stool frequency/bleeding [trend], observations/abdomen [summary], infection testing [status], fluids/anaemia [details] and gastroenterology/colorectal plan [names].